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Case Report
Erythema multiforme: A case report with oral manifestations
1 University of Taubaté – UNITAU, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
2 Educational University of Santa Catarina, Joinville- SC, Brazil
3 CK Estomatologia, São Paulo, SP 04531-012, Brazil
4 Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
Address correspondence to:
Luis Felipe das Chagas e Silva de Carvalh
Visconde do Rio Branco, 210, Centro, Curitiba, PR 80420210,
Brazil
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Article ID: 101328Z01GM2022
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de Carvalho LFCS, Monteiro GR, Máximo G, Coelho MCF, da Silva Peralta F, Kitakawa D. Erythema multiforme: A case report with oral manifestations. Int J Case Rep Images 2022;13(2):61–65.ABSTRACT
Introduction: Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute, immune-mediated mucocutaneous disease, which may be related to herpes simplex virus, use of certain medications, autoimmune disease, radiation, immunization, pregnancy, period, and food additives or chemicals. It is a condition that occurs predominantly in young adults, with a slight female preponderance and no predilection. Clinically, EM presents erosive and erythematous plaques, affecting mainly the lips and oral mucosa, called target lesions, which may progress to vesiculobullous lesions. The aim of this study is to report a case shown as a positive response to treatment.
Case Report: This is a case of EM in a 50-year-old female patient with a persistent ulcer on the lower lip. The clinical presentation showed an ulcerated lesion that extended through the right labial vermilion, semi-mucosa and jugal mucosa, in addition to painful symptoms. Although the diagnostic hypothesis of EM, an incisional biopsy was performed, that confirmed the clinical diagnosis of EM. As treatment, topical use of 0.05% clobetasol propionate for 15 days was prescribed on the lesion. The patient returned in seven days with significant improvement of the site. It was decided to do only the follow-up and not to intervene with systemic corticosteroid therapy. The patient is followed up for 15 months without recurrence of the lesion. The histopathological analysis of this type of lesion is essential for the diagnosis of the lesion. In this way, we can rule out differential diagnoses, especially pemphigus vulgaris and in children, hands, feet, and mouths disease. In this work, it was observed how important the histopathological analysis is necessary in more complex cases, because in this way the therapeutic approach was effective.
Conclusion: The present case report represents how important the histopathological analysis is necessary in more complex cases to conclude the diagnosis, therefore is possible conduce the best choose of treatment for patient.
Keywords: Autoimmune disease, Corticoid therapy, Erythema multiforme, Oral manifestations
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Author Contributions
Gabriela Reganin Monteiro - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Revising the work critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Gabriela Máximo - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Acquisition of data, Drafting the work, Revising the work critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Maria Clara Ferreira Coelho - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Drafting the work, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Felipe da Silva Peralta - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Drafting the work, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Dárcio Kitakawa - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Drafting the work, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Luis Felipe das Chagas e Silva de Carvalh - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Drafting the work, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Guarantor of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2022 Gabriela Reganin Monteiro et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
